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Scientific community has long been fascinated by boron nitride due to its unique properties: sturdy, ultra-thin transparent, insulating and lightweight. The boron is a material that can be used by a wide range of researchers.
According to researchers at Rice University a graphene film separated by boron nanotube columns could be used as a material for storing fuel hydrogen in automobiles.

The Department of Energy is setting the benchmark in storage materials to make hydrogen fuel a practical option for light vehicles. A new computational study by materials scientist Rouzbeh Sharsavari of Rice Lab has determined that pillared Boron Nitride and graphene may be suitable candidates.

Shahsavari's lab determined the elastic and columnar graphene structures by computer simulation, and then processed the boron nanotubes to create a mixture that simulates an unique three-dimensional structural design. (A sample boron nanotubes seamlessly bound to graphene is prepared.

As the pillars of the building provide space between floors for people, so do the pillars within the graphene made from boron-nitride. The goal is to keep them inside and then exit when needed.

The researchers discovered that the latest simulations of molecular dynamics showed that pillared-graphene and pillared-boron nitride-graphene have a high surface area (approximately 2,547 sq. m. per sq. m.) as well as good recyclability in ambient conditions. Their model shows adding oxygen or lithium will improve the material's ability to combine with hydrogen.

The researchers focused their simulations around four different variants, including a graphene pillared with boron or lithium doped boron or nitride.

The best graphene at room temperature was oxygen-doped boron oxide graphene. This graphene weighs 11.6% (by weight) and has a volume of 60 g/L.

The material's hydrogen weight was 14.77% in cold temperatures below -321 Fahrenheit.

Under moderate conditions, US Department of Energy has set a target of storing more than 5.5% of hydrogen by weight and 40 grams of hydrogen per liter. The ultimate target is 7.5% weight and 70 gram per liter.

Shahsavari explained that the hydrogen atoms on graphene without oxygen doping are adsorbed due to a weak van der Waals force. When the material has been doped with oxygen the atoms are strongly bound to the mixture. This produces a surface which is better for hydrogen.

"Oxygen and hydrogen are known to have a strong chemical affinity." "Oxygen, and hydrogen have been known to share a strong chemical affinity."

Shahsavari explained that the polarization characteristics of boron Nitride combined with graphene as well as the electron mobility in graphene themselves make the material highly adaptable to applications.

Shahsavari explains that "we are looking for the best point" which describes ideal conditions such as the balance between weight and surface area, operating temperature, and pressure. This is only possible through computational modeling. We can test many different changes very quickly. In just a couple of days, the experimenter is able to finish the work that would normally take months.

He said these structures are strong enough to easily surpass the requirements of Department of Energy. The hydrogen fuel tank, for example, can withstand up to 1,500 charging and discharge cycles.

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