Is Boron a metal or non-metal Whats The Boron Properties and Boron Uses
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Is boron a metal?Boron powder does not belong to the metal family, and it is not considered a metal solid because boron lacks many of the properties that metals have. Boron has the lowest outermost electron count of any non-metallic. It is available in both amorphous (or powdery) and crystalline form. The first form is brown-black powder to black, while the second is black-black or silver-gray with a metallic luster. Its hardness is comparable to that of diamond. Amorphous Boron slowly oxidizes at room temperature in the air, and it self-ignites around 800 degC. Boron, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric are incompatible even after long boiling.
Boron is slowly eroded and oxided by a hot mixture of sodium dichromate with sulfuric acid. The crystalline boron can be oxidized by hydrogen peroxide or ammonium sulfate. Boron reacts violently and rapidly with sulfur when heated to 600 degrees C. This mixture is called boronsulfide. Boron nitride can be formed when boron, in the presence of nitrogen or ammonia is heated over 1000 deg C. At 1800-2100 deg C boron does not react with hydrogen. But at 2100 deg C boron will react with silicon and form silicon boride. At high temperature, boron can react with metals and metal-oxides to produce metal borides.
Boron Properties:
It is a dark-brown or black powder. When it is oxidized by air, the boron film forms, which prevents the internal element from oxidizing further. It reacts at normal temperatures with fluorine and is uncorroded by hydrochloric or hydrofluoric aqueous acid solutions. Boron powder is soluble with sulfuric acid and boiling nitric, but not in water. Amorphous boron has a chemical activity, and the powder can be explosive when mixed with air.
Boron is an electrical conductor that is weak at normal temperatures and strong at higher temperatures. The elemental form of boron comes in different allotropes. Amorphous is brown and crystalline is grayish black. Elemental Boron has a hardness that is similar to diamond. It also has a very high electrical resistance. But its electrical conductivity will increase with temperature. Amorphous and crystalline boron are more active. The stable isotopes of boron are only two. Boric acid and borate are the main forms of boron in nature.
Boron Uses:
Boron is essential for the production of ribonucleic Acid, an important component in the building blocks of life. James Stephenson is a postdoctoral scientist at the University of Hawaii NASA Institute of Astrobiology. He said: "Bronze could be important for life's origin on Earth, because it stabilises nucleics, which are key components of the ribonucleic. Ribonucleic acids are considered to be precursors of DNA information in the early stages of life.
Boron is an important chemical raw-material mineral. It is used primarily in the productions of borax and boric acid, as well as for boron compounds. Also, it is used for metallurgy. Building materials, machinery and electrical industries. Chemicals, light wool, the nuclear industry, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and many other fields. Boron is a very important material that can be added to an alloy as a component or a powder.
Boron can also be used as a raw material to manufacture high-purity boric halides. It is commonly used in the production of rocket fuels, rocket reactors, control rods, and igniting rods. Boron is used as a raw material to make a variety borides. This can save valuable metals and reduce the amount of olefin-deficient ones.
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